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| Changsha |
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Changsha, city in southern China, the capital of Hunan Province, a
busy port on the Xiang River. Changsha is the industrial, transportation,
and cultural center of a rich agricultural region. Manufactures include
machine tools, aluminum, processed food (especially rice), chemicals,
electronic equipment, and embroidered textiles. Changsha is associated
with, and has many monuments to, the early career of Mao Zedong, who
was born in nearby Shaoshan and spent most of the period from 1913
to 1921 here. In the city are Hunan University and the Changsha Museum,
whose holdings include famous artifacts from a Western Han dynasty
(206 BC-AD 8) tomb in nearby Mawangdui. Founded in the 3rd century
BC, the city was originally called Qingyang. As Tanchow, it became
the capital of the later Zhou state (AD 951-960), and as Changsha
it was a leading commercial and cultural center during the Song dynasty
(960-1279). It was made the capital of Hunan in 1664 and was opened
to foreign trade in 1904. Severely damaged during the Second Sino-Japanese
War (1937-1945), the city grew as an industrial center after 1949.
Population (1991) 1,776,343. |
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